Getting a mortgage can be especially hard if you run your own business.
Lenders are less likely to approve self-employed borrowers for conventional or government-backed mortgages because they consider them to be a higher risk.
Fortunately, there are non-qualifying mortgages — or non-QMs for short — which don't have to conform to the strict approval criteria set by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. They typically require larger down payments and charge higher interest rates, but have more flexible income and credit requirements.
CNBC Select reviewed more than 30 mortgage lenders to find the best non-QM loans for self-employed borrowers, based on rates, loan types, down payment options and other criteria. (See our full methodology.)
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Best lenders for self-employed borrowers
Best for bad credit: CrossCountry Mortgage
Who's this for? If you're looking for a non-QM mortgage but you have less-than-perfect credit, look into CrossCountry. Most lenders require a credit score of 620 or higher for a non-QM loan, but Cross Country Mortgage accepts scores as low as 500 for certain non-traditional mortgages.
Standout features: CrossCountry's FastTrack review speeds up the underwriting process, allowing approved borrowers to close in as few as 10 days.
- $6,500 in down payment assistance
- High scores for customer satisfaction
- May be able to close within 10 days
- Higher-than-average rates
- Rates not available online
Read more: CrossCountry Mortgage review
Best for loan variety: Guild Mortgage
Who is this for? If you want a lender that offers versatility, consider Guild Mortgage. It offers a robust variety of non-QM mortgages, including bank statement loans, DSCR loans, and interest-only options, which can enable you to allocate more funds to other expenses early in your mortgage.
Standout features: Guild uses alternative credit check methods for government-backed loans, making it easier to qualify even with less-than-ideal credit.
- Offers a wide range of uncommon loans, so you're more likely to find one that fits your needs than with other lenders.
- Boasts several down payment assistance programs, making it a great lender for first-time homebuyers who may not have much saved up for a down payment.
- Some loans closes can receive a 17 day closing guarantee, which can ensure you get the keys to your home in quicker than half the average timeline.
- E-closings available so you may be able to finalize your mortgage paperwork from your couch.
- Rates are not available online
- Does not issue mortgages in New York
Read more: Guild Mortgage review
Best for a high debt-to-income ratio: First National Bank of America
Who's this for? Most lenders won't approve borrowers with a debt-to-income ratio higher than 45% or 50%. First National Bank of America accepts DTIs up to 60%, making it an excellent option for small business owners, who are often highly leveraged.
Standout features: FNBA's Alt-A Premier non-QM mortgage makes up to $3 million available to borrowers with debt-to-income ratios of 60%. In addition, no cash reserves are required and borrowers can put gift funds toward their down payment.
First National Bank of America Mortgage
Mortgage types
Bank statement, 1040/1099, profit & loss statement, ITIN, non-QM vacant land, manufactured homes, and condo loans.
Terms
10 to 30 years
Minimum credit score
Not disclosed
Minimum down payment
15%
Availability
First National Bank of America lends in all 50 U.S. states and Washington, D.C.
Pros
- Available nationwide
- Allows a debt-to-income ratio of up to 60% for self-employed borrowers
- Provides land loans
Cons
- Does not provide conventional, government-backed or second mortgages
- Down payment of at least 15% required on all loans
Best for all-cash offers: New American Funding
Who's this for? If you're getting beat out by all-cash offers and don't have the liquidity to make one of your own, New American Funding can help. NAF Cash offers upfront funds, enabling buyers to make all-cash offers and gain a competitive edge in a tight housing market.
Standout features: NAF is ideal for self-employed borrowers who want a streamlined application process. Its sleek website and mobile app list its competitive rates and enable homebuyers to track payments, equity and home value. It also offers online and hybrid closings, allowing you to review and sign most documents electronically.
- Flexible credit requirements
- Helps buyers make all-cash offers
- Programs to increase minority homeownership
- Nationwide availability
- High fees
- Customized rates not available online
Best for HELOCs: Angel Oak Loan Solutions
Who's this for? If you're self-employed and looking for a home equity product, Angel Oak Loan Solutions could be a strong choice for you. It offers several home equity options for self-employed individuals, including a bank statement HELOC.
Standout features: If a HELOC isn't the right fit, AOMS also offers closed-end second mortgages and DSCR closed-end second liens.
Angel Oak Loan Solutions
Mortgage types
Bank statement, DSCR, 1099 income, foreign national, ITIN, profit & loss, non-QM condo, investment, bank statement HELOCs, closed-end second mortgage, DSCR closed-end second lien
Terms
10 to 30 years
Minimum credit score
640 for bank statement, 1099 income, profit & loss and ITIN mortgages; 660 for agency mortgage; 680 for DSCR and jumbo loans; 700 for closed-end second mortgages, bank statement HELOCs and DSCR closed-end second liens
Minimum down payment
5% for agency mortgages, 10% for bank statement loans and 1099 income loans, 15% for DSCR loans, 20% for profit and loss loans and ITIN mortgage loans, 25%-30% for asset qualifier and foreign national mortgages
Availability
Angel Oak Loan Solutions lends in all U.S. states except Alaska, Connecticut, New York and Vermont
Pros
- Robust non-qualifying loan options
- Offers non-QM second mortgage solutions like HELOCs
Cons
- Conventional loan products not available
- Not available in all states
Best for speedy closing: AD Mortgage
Who's this for? If you need your mortgage ASAP, A&D Mortgage is a strong choice. It claims to fund home loans in as little as 24 hours. Borrowers applying with this wholesale lender must work with a third-party mortgage broker.
Standout features: AD offers Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) loans for foreign nationals, immigrants and other borrowers without a Social Security number. It's also one of the few lenders with an online calculator for non-QM loan terms.
AD Mortgage
Mortgage types
Conventional, FHA, VA, Fannie Mae HomeReady, Freddie Mac Home Possible, Conventional High-Balance, jumbo, refinance, second mortgage
Non-QM mortgages: DSCR, ITIN, profit and loss, 1099, asset utilization, foreign national, 12/24-month bank statement
Terms
10 to 30 years
Minimum credit score
620 for conventional, HomeReady and Home Possible; 580 for FHA and VA loans; 660 to 720 for jumbo loans; 620 to 660 for non-QM loans
Minimum down payment
3% for conventional, HomeReady and Home Possible; 0% for VA loans; 3.5% for FHA loans; 10% to 20% for jumbo loans; 10% to 25% for non-QM loans
Availability
A&D Mortgage lends in all U.S. states except Alaska and Hawaii.
Pros
- non-QM mortgages available
- Robust loan offerings for self-employed borrowers, investors and non-citizens
- Online loan calculators and concierge services
- Can close on home loans in 24 to 48 hours
Cons
- No USDA loans
- Borrowers must work with a mortgage broker
Who is considered self-employed?
In general, if you don't receive a Form W-2 from an employer, but you earn income through a job, you are considered self-employed.
Independent contractors, gig workers, sole proprietors, members of business partnerships, and anyone otherwise in business for themselves are considered self-employed, according to the IRS.
There is no single mortgage type for all self-employed borrowers. Instead, your options are based on the kind of work you do and the earnings documents you have available.
For example, a bank statement loan may be ideal for a freelancer who can use their bank account to demonstrate steady work over the past several years and a debt-service coverage ratio (DSCR) loan is great for those who earn income through renting out property.
Across all non-QM loans, lenders typically want to see at least two years of steady income through self-employment before they approve someone.
How to get a mortgage if you're self-employed
To get a mortgage when you're self-employed, look for lenders that offer non-QM loans.
You'll need to provide the standard identification and financial statements, along with documents verifying you have adequate income:
- Employment verification: A business license, proof of insurance, verification of membership in a professional organization, or a letter from a client or CPA.
- Tax returns: Tax returns for the past two years and any tax forms relating to your business, including Schedule C for LLCs, Form 1065 for partnerships and Form 1120 for C or S corporations.
- Business financials: Bank records, P&L reports or cash-flow statements for the last two years
- Future-looking documents: Structured forecasts of how your business is expected to grow and how much you'll earn in the years ahead.
Once you apply, it can take several weeks to process and underwrite the loan, during which you'll need an appraisal and a title search. Once that is done, you'll attend the closing and sign the paperwork that outlines the amount you'll receive and the rate and terms of your repayment.
Types of non-QM loans
There is a range of mortgages for individuals with non-traditional income streams, weak credit, no Social Security number or who otherwise don't qualify for a conventional home loan.
- Bank statement loan: Uses 12 to 24 months of bank statements to document income rather than traditional tax documents
- 1040 or 1099 loan: Freelancers, contractors, or gig workers providing proof of their earnings without a W-2.
- DSCR loan: Debt service coverage ratio loans enable real estate investors to demonstrate steady cash flow with rental income, rather than personal income.
- P&L loan: Rather than a W-2, small business owners can use their business's profit and loss (P&L) statements to verify income.
- Interest-only loan: Borrowers pay only interest on the loan for a specified period.
- ITIN loans: Individual Taxpayer Identification Number loans, also known as foreign national loans, are available to non-citizen residents, non-residents and others without an SSN.
Mortgage FAQs
What is a non-QM loan?
A non-QM, or non-qualifying mortgage, doesn't adhere to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's strict mortgage approval criteria. It usually requires larger down payments and charge higher interest rates, but have more flexible income and credit requirements.
Do self-employed borrowers need a larger down payment?
Yes, traditionally self-employed borrowers need a down payment of 15% to 20%, compared to the 5% required by traditional borrowers taking out a conventional mortgage.
How many years of self-employment do you need for a non-QM loan?
Lenders typically require self-employed applicants to provide tax returns or other financial documents that establish a steady income for at least two years.
Why trust CNBC Select?
At CNBC Select, our mission is to deliver high-quality service journalism and comprehensive consumer advice to our readers, enabling them to make informed financial decisions. Every mortgage review is based on rigorous reporting by our team of expert writers and editors with extensive knowledge of mortgage products. While CNBC Select earns a commission from affiliate partners on many offers and links, we create all our content independently of our commercial team and any outside third parties, and we pride ourselves on maintaining high journalistic standards and ethics.
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Our methodology
CNBC Select reviewed dozens of mortgage lenders to find the best ones for those who are self-employed, focusing on:
- Loan type: All the lenders on our list offer a range of non-QM options, including bank statement loans, DSCR loans and P&L loans.
- Loan variety: We considered the proportion of a business dedicated to non-QM loans and mortgages available to self-employed borrowers in general.
- Availability: We considered the number of states a lender operates in and the products available in each state.
- Fees: when reviewing each lender, we evaluated common mortgage fees, including origination fees, closing costs and private mortgage insurance.
- Closing: Lenders with shorter-than-average closing times were given more weight.
- Customer Service: We evaluated each lender based on the quality of its customer service, the availability of customer representatives and whether it offered a digital approval process. When possible, customer satisfaction rankings from J.D. Power and the Better Business Bureau were incorporated.
We also considered CNBC Select audience data when available, such as general demographics and engagement with our content and tools.
Based on this criteria, our picks for best mortgage lenders for self-employed are:
- Best for bad credit: CrossCountry Mortgage
- Best for loan variety: Guild Mortgage
- Best for a high debt-to-income ratio: First National Bank of America
- Best for all-cash offers: New American Funding
- Best for HELOCs: Angel Oak Loan Solutions
- Best for speedy closing: AD Mortgage LLC
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