Americans are falling behind on mortgage and student loan payments. Here’s how you can stay ahead

While U.S. consumers are getting better at keeping up with credit card and personal loan payments, mortgage and student loan delinquencies are climbing, and student loan delinquencies remain historically high, according to the Spring 2026 FICO Credit Score Insights report.

Delinquencies, or when borrowers fall behind on payments, can lead to lower credit scores and higher borrowing costs over time. CNBC Select breaks down what's driving these delinquencies and highlights a few practical strategies to protect your finances.

In October 2025, the 30-day+ mortgage delinquency rate was 4.8%, the highest since April 2020. Sixty‑day+ and 90‑day+ delinquencies followed a similar pattern and sat at 2.4% and 1.6%, respectively. A 30-day delinquency means a payment is one month late, 60-day means two months and 90-day means three months or more, with longer delinquencies typically indicating more serious financial trouble.

On the other hand, severe student loan delinquencies (90 days or more) jumped from 0.8% in October 2024 to 10.9% by April 2025, after reporting of missed payments resumed. While the pace of increase has slowed, the rate remains high at 11% as of October 2025. Student loan borrowers with a newly reported delinquency also saw their credit scores drop an average of 62 points since January 2025.

If you bought your house when mortgage rates were upwards of 8% and are currently struggling, you could consider refinancing. Mortgage refinancing replaces your existing loan with a new one, and there are several types.

One common type, called rate-and-term refinancing, adjusts the rate, repayment term or both. If you're looking to refinance quickly, Rocket Mortgage reports an average closing of roughly 20 days — about half the national average.

Refinancing your student loans is more individualized, as it depends on the type of loan you have. If you have federal loans, refinancing them into private loans could result in a much lower rate. But you lose certain protections you'd otherwise receive with federal loans, such as income-driven repayment plans.

It really comes down to your current rate, whether you can refinance to a lower one and whether refinancing is worth the trade-offs. Many lenders, like SoFi, will calculate your new potential rate based on your current financial standing without hurting your credit score. This can be a great way to get a preview of any potential savings.

One of the most important reasons to consider budgeting is that many don't realize they're running a deficit until it snowballs. While creating or finalizing your budget won't magically put more money into your account, what it can do is help you better visualize where your money is going and establish a baseline for your non-negotiable spending.

Monarch is a solid option if you want a straightforward way to organize and track your debt payoff. The app lets you create multiple debt goals, prioritize them and track your progress in one place. While it requires a subscription ($14.99 per month or $99.99 per year), you can take advantage of a week-long free trial to test the app's features.

Your credit score plays an important role in your financial future, even if changes in your score don't have an immediate impact on your day-to-day finances. For example, if you try to refinance your mortgage or student loans, your credit score plays a big factor in the rate you'll be offered, with higher scores often receiving more favorable rates.

If you're struggling with your credit score as a result of falling behind on payments, you might consider reaching out to a credit repair company — especially if you find inaccurate or outdated negative marks on your report. While you can attempt to get inaccuracies removed yourself, the process can be fairly confusing and time-consuming.

The Credit People is a credit repair option that charges $19 per deletion or offers three service tiers: Standard ($99/month), Premium ($119/month) and Premium Flat Rate ($599 for six months). Even the most basic package includes unlimited disputes with the three major credit bureaus. The company estimates an average credit score increase of 50 to 100+ points for customers.

At CNBC Select, our mission is to provide our readers with high-quality service journalism and comprehensive consumer advice so they can make informed decisions with their money. Every personal finance article is based on rigorous reporting by our team of expert writers and editors with extensive knowledge of financial products. While CNBC Select earns a commission from affiliate partners on many offers and links, we create all our content without input from our commercial team or any outside third parties, and we pride ourselves on our journalistic standards and ethics.

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 Fixed rates range from 3.99% APR to 9.99% APR with 0.25% autopay discount and 0.125% SoFi Plus discount. Variable rates range from 5.74% APR to 9.99% APR with 0.25% autopay discount and 0.125% SoFi Plus discount. Unless required to be lower to comply with applicable law, Variable Interest rates will never exceed 13.95% (the maximum rate for these loans). SoFi rate ranges are current as of 5/6/26 and are subject to change at any time. Your actual rate will be within the range of rates listed above and will depend on the term you select, evaluation of your creditworthiness, income, presence of a co-signer and a variety of other factors. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For the SoFi variable-rate product, the variable interest rate for a given month is derived by adding a margin to the 30-day average SOFR index, published two business days preceding such calendar month, rounded up to the nearest one hundredth of one percent (0.01% or 0.0001). APRs for variable-rate loans may increase after origination if the SOFR index increases. You may pay more interest over the life of the loan if you refinance with an extended term. Medical/Dental Loan Disclaimer: Fixed rates range from 4.12% APR to 9.99% APR with a 0.125% discount for Doctors and Dentist, and a 0.25% autopay discount and 0.125% SoFi Plus Discount. Variable rates range from 5.87% - 9.99% APR with a 0.125% discount for Doctors and Dentist, and a 0.25% autopay discount and 0.125% SoFi Plus Discount. Unless required to be lower to comply with applicable law, Variable Interest rates will never exceed 13.95% (the maximum rate for these loans). SoFi rate ranges are current as of 4/1/26 and are subject to change at any time. Your actual rate will be within the range of rates listed above and will depend on the term you select, evaluation of your creditworthiness, income, presence of a co-signer and a variety of other factors. These specialized rates are offered to applicants who are physicians or dentists with the following degrees: Doctor of Medicine (MD), Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO), Doctor of Medicine in Dentistry or Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD), Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS), Doctor of Optometry (OD), Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM or VMD), Physician Assistant (MPA), Physical Therapy (MTP or DPT). Not available to residents, fellows, or students. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. For the SoFi variable-rate product, the variable interest rate for a given month is derived by adding a margin to the 30-day average SOFR index, published two business days preceding such calendar month, rounded up to the nearest one hundredth of one percent (0.01% or 0.0001). APRs for variable-rate loans may increase after origination if the SOFR index increases. You may pay more interest over the life of the loan if you refinance with an extended term. Autopay Discount: The SoFi 0.25% autopay interest rate reduction requires you to agree to make monthly payments as outlined in your loan agreement by an automatic monthly deduction from a savings or checking account. This benefit will discontinue and be lost for periods in which you do not pay by automatic deduction from a savings or checking account. When the autopay interest rate deduction is added or removed, the next time the loan is re-amortized (quarterly for fixed rate loans; monthly for variable rate loans),the principal balance of your loan will be spread over the remaining loan term, and your monthly payment amount will change. This benefit is suspended during periods of deferment, grace period, or forbearance. Autopay is not required to receive a loan from SoFi. Member Rate Discount: To be eligible for an additional 0.125% interest rate reduction on a Student Loan Refinancing, you must, within 31 days of loan funding, either (1) be a SoFi Plus subscriber, (2) receive an Eligible Direct Deposit into a SoFi Checking or Savings account, or (3) receive at least $5,000 in Qualifying Deposits into a SoFi Checking or Savings account. You must continue to meet at least one of the above eligibility criteria every 31 days to maintain the discount. See the SoFi Plus terms for details on SoFi Plus subscription. For more details on Eligible Direct Deposit or Qualifying Deposits, please see https://www.sofi.com/legal/banking-rate-sheet. Once you become eligible during the initial period, the discount will be removed or reinstated depending on whether the criteria have been met. Each time your loan is re-amortized, your monthly payment amount will change based upon the interest rate that was in place. SoFi reserves the right to modify or terminate this offer at any time for unenrolled participants. You are not required to meet these criteria to be approved for a loan. SoFi Plus Discount: To be eligible to receive an additional (0.125%) interest rate reduction on your Student Loan Refinancing (your "Loan") for enrolling in SoFi Plus, you must enroll in SoFi Plus within 30 days of Loan funding, either by receiving an Eligible Direct Deposit to your SoFi Checking and Savings account, or by paying the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee. Once eligible, you will receive this discount during periods in which you have received Eligible Direct Deposit to your SoFi Checking and Savings Account, or during periods in which SoFi successfully receives payment of the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee. This discount lowers your interest rate but does not change the amount of your regular monthly payment. This discount will be removed during periods in which SoFi determines you have turned off Eligible Direct Deposit to your Checking and Savings account or in which you have not paid the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee. SoFi reserves the right to change or terminate this interest rate reduction offer for unenrolled participants at any time without notice. You are not required to enroll in Eligible Direct Deposit or to pay the SoFi Plus Subscription Fee to be eligible for Loan approval. See what qualifies as an Eligible Direct Deposit here: www.sofi.com/terms-of-use/#slr-discount
Eligible Direct Deposit means regularly recurring deposit of regular income to an Automated Clearing House ("ACH") Network during a 30-Day Evaluation Period (as defined below). Although we do our best to recognize all Eligible Direct Deposits, a small number of employers, payroll providers, benefits providers, or government agencies do not generate payments that are detectable by our system. So qualifying direct deposits are those where the student loan refinance discount rate is applied automatically for each month where you have an Eligible Direct Deposit of at least $1,000 per 30-day Evaluation Period. Eligible Direct Deposit does not include transfers between accounts you own, refunds, rebates, reimbursements, stimulus payments, merchant refunds, or payments from person-to-person payment services (such as Venmo). To qualify for the 0.25% interest rate reduction, the direct deposit must be recurring and paid directly into a SoFi Checking or Savings account. For the avoidance of doubt, deposits made via check, cash, or mobile check deposit are not eligible. Direct Deposit eligibility is determined by SoFi's sole discretion. The 30-Day Evaluation Period refers to the period starting on the "Start Date" and ending on the "End Date" set forth on the App Details page of your account, which comprises a period of 30 calendar days (the "30-Day Evaluation Period"). You can access the APV Details page at any time by logging into your SoFi account on the SoFi mobile app or SoFi website and selecting either (i) Banking → Checking → APV or (ii) Banking → Checking → APV Details. If you do not qualify for the discount during the initial 30-Day Evaluation Period, your loan will not be eligible for a discount unless you re-qualify in a later 30-Day Evaluation Period. If you qualify during the 30-Day Evaluation Period, the discount will be applied on a going-forward basis only. SoFi Bank determines eligibility. If you have a joint account, each account holder receives Eligible Direct Deposits into your SoFi Checking and Savings account, then you will be eligible for all SoFi Plus benefits, including on accounts you hold in your own name. Federal Loan Disclosure: Terms and conditions apply. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are private loans. When you refinance federal loans with a SoFi loan, YOU FORFEIT YOUR ELiIGIBILITY FOR ALL FEDERAL LOAN BENEFITS, including all flexible federal repayment and forgiveness options that are or may become available to federal student loan borrowers including, but not limited to: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Income-Based Repayment, Income-Contingent Repayment, extended repayment plans, PAYE or SAVE. Lowest rates reserved for the most creditworthy borrowers. Learn more at SoFi.com/eligiblity. SoFi Refinance Student Loans are originated by SoFi Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. NMLS #696891 (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org).